Gamma-glutamylcysteine (TFA)

Gamma-glutamylcysteine (TFA) ((γ-glutamylcysteine (TFA))是谷胱甘肽 (GSH) 合成的中间体，一种作为抗氧化酶谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶 (GPx) 的必需辅助因子的二肽。 Gamma-glutamylcysteine (TFA) 上调抗炎细胞因子 IL-10 的水平，降低促炎细胞因子 (TNF-α，IL-6 和 IL-1β) 的水平，并减弱在寡聚 Aβ40 处理的星形胶质细胞中金属蛋白酶活性的变化。

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Background

Gamma-glutamylcysteine (TFA) ((γ-glutamylcysteine (TFA)), an intermediate in glutathione (GSH) synthesis, is a dipeptide served as an essential cofactor for the antioxidant enzyme glutathione peroxidase (GPx). Gamma-glutamylcysteine (TFA) also upregulates the level of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 and reduces the levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β) and attenuates the changes in metalloproteinase activity in oligomeric Aβ40-treated astrocytes[1]. IL-10 IL-6 IL-1β TNF-α

[1]. Braidy N, et al. The Precursor to Glutathione (GSH), γ-Glutamylcysteine (GGC), Can Ameliorate Oxidative Damage and Neuroinflammation Induced by Aβ40 Oligomers in Human Astrocytes. Front Aging Neurosci. 2019 Aug 8;11:177.